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Título: | Effect of supplementation with coffee and cocoa by-products to ameliorate metabolic syndrome alterations induced by high-fat diet in female mice |
Autor: | Braojos, Cheyenne CSIC ORCID; Gila-Diaz, Andrea; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Pilar; Monedero-Cobeta, Ignacio; Morales, María Dolores; Ruvira, Santiago; Ramiro-Cortijo, David; Benitez, Vanesa CSIC ORCID ; Martín-Cabrejas, María A. CSIC ORCID ; Arribas, Silvia M. | Palabras clave: | Coffee pulp Cocoa shell Polyphenols Caffeine Glycemia Adipocytes |
Fecha de publicación: | 2023 | Editor: | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Citación: | Foods 12(14): 2708 (2023) | Resumen: | Coffee and cocoa manufacturing produces large amounts of waste. Generated by-products contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suitable for treating metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to compare the efficacy of aqueous extracts and flours from coffee pulp (CfPulp-E, CfPulp-F) and cocoa shell (CcShell-E, CcShell-F) to ameliorate MetS alterations induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Bioactive component content was assessed by HPLC/MS. C57BL/6 female mice were fed for 6 weeks with HFD followed by 6 weeks with HFD plus supplementation with one of the ingredients (500 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week), and compared to non-supplemented HFD and Control group fed with regular chow. Body weight, adipocyte size and browning (Mitotracker, confocal microscopy), plasma glycemia (basal, glucose tolerance test–area under the curve, GTT-AUC), lipid profile, and leptin were compared between groups. Cocoa shell ingredients had mainly caffeine, theobromine, protocatechuic acid, and flavan-3-ols. Coffee pulp showed a high content in caffeine, protocatechuic, and chlorogenic acids. Compared to Control mice, HFD group showed alterations in all parameters. Compared to HFD, CcShell-F significantly reduced adipocyte size, increased browning and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and normalized basal glycemia, while CcShell-E only increased HDL. Both coffee pulp ingredients normalized adipocyte size, basal glycemia, and GTT-AUC. Additionally, CfPulp-E improved hyperleptinemia, reduced triglycerides, and slowed weight gain, and CfPulp-F increased HDL. In conclusion, coffee pulp ingredients showed a better efficacy against MetS, likely due to the synergic effect of caffeine, protocatechuic, and chlorogenic acids. Since coffee pulp is already approved as a food ingredient, this by-product could be used in humans to treat obesity-related MetS alterations. | Descripción: | This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series in “Plant Food Extracts and Phytochemicals”. | Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12142708 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/341728 | DOI: | 10.3390/foods12142708 | E-ISSN: | 2304-8158 |
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