Using chemical lines of evidence to address acidification

Abstract

This chapter introduces the concept of the weight line of evidence applied to the ocean acidification process. First, the acidification process is situated in the context of climate change and how pH decrease affects the carbon chemical equilibrium in seawater. The pH changes have a direct effect on aquatic organisms, especially those that are calcifying organisms. However, ocean acidification indirect effects—as results of the joint action with other stressors—are presented too. Considering the key role of metals in many biogeochemical processes, changes induced by ocean acidification on speciation are summarized. The combined effect of new pollutants and ocean acidification in coastal ecosystems and sensitive regions is considered. In the final remarks section, some open questions and future research have been addressed with a sustainable growth to avoid the irreversible collapse of marine ecosystems.