A cubic arrangement of DNA double helices based on nickel-guanine interactions

Abstract

DNA oligonucleotides can be used in order to assemble highly structured materials. Oligonucleotides with sticky ends can form long linear structures, whereas branching is required to form two- and three-dimensional nanostructures. In this paper, we show that when Ni2+ is attached to the N7 atom of guanine, it can also act as a branching point. Thus, we have found that the heptanucleotide d(GAATTCG) can assemble into long linear duplex structures, which cross in space to generate a cubic structure. The three-dimensional arrays are stabilized by phosphate-Ni2+-guanine interactions. For the first time, the crystallization of a B form DNA oligonucleotide in a cubic system is reported, space group /23. Large solvent cavities are found among the DNA duplexes.