Chlorophylls

Abstract

Natural chlorophylls are the most abundant pigments in the nature. Their green color makes them very attractive as colorant from many applications. In this chapter, the chemical structures and physicochemical properties are discussed. Natural chlorophylls are rarely used as colorants, as the molecules are sensitive to chemical modification during extraction and action of endogenous plant enzymes. However, the polar “chlorophyllin” is a widely used colorant. Besides the chemical properties of the dyes, also legal regulation for their use in food and cosmetics is discussed. Dye stability and analytical procedures for their analysis are summarized. Findings from toxicological studies and safety of the chlorophylls and chlorophyllins are presented.