Unravelling the Gut Microbiota of Cow’s Milk–Allergic Infants, Their Mothers, and Their Grandmothers

Abstract

The gut microbiome constitutes a highly complex ecosystem in which bacteria are the most prominent components. Around 70% of primary colonization of the gut microbiota is maternal in origin [1], and the first 1000 days of life are crucial for the development of the intestinal microbiota [2]. Despite its early formation, the gut microbiota is highly dynamic and dependent on host-associated confounding factors such as age, diet, antibiotics, lifestyle, and environmental conditions [3,4]. Alterations in gut microbiota have been described in people with different types of allergy, including cow’s milk allergy (CMA)