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Título: | NGC 2022, a case study of a multiple-shell planetary nebula |
Autor: | Montoro-Molina, B.; Guerrero, Martín A. CSIC ORCID; Santamaría, E.; Toalá, J. A.; Chu, Y. -H.; Ramos-Larios, G.; Infante-Sainz, R.; Akhlaghi, M.; Eskandarlou, S.; López-Sanjuan, C. | Palabras clave: | (ISM:) planetary nebulae: general (ISM:) planetary nebulae: individual: (NGC 2022) stars: evolution |
Fecha de publicación: | 2023 | Editor: | Oxford University Press | Citación: | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 524: 1601-1614 (2023) | Resumen: | We present a detailed study of the physical properties, history of mass loss, and chemical abundances of the planetary nebula NGC 2022. New imaging observations obtained with the OAJ/JAST80 and NOT/ALFOSC confirm the presence of a faint ∼88 arcsec halo surrounding a double-layered elliptical structure that consists of a bright 21.4 × 16.7 arcsec inner shell and a 32 arcsec diameter envelope. The long-slit high-dispersion echelle observations obtained with MES on the OAN-SPM 2.1-m telescope can be well described by a shape model with expansion velocities of 43 ± 3 and 34 ± 3 km s-1 along the major and minor axes of the elliptical inner shell, respectively. In addition, a deep long-slit high-dispersion echelle observation made with the KPNO 4-m telescope detected line-splitting in the faint halo, revealing an expansion velocity of 15.5 ± 2 km s-1. We have also used new intermediate-dispersion optical spectra with the NOT, complemented with IUE data, to study the chemical abundances of each shell. The abundances of the three shells are typical of a Type II in the Peimbert classification of PNe and do not exhibit any notable anomalies. Finally, we estimate the total mass of NGC 2022 to be ≈0.9 M⊙>, which consists of 0.64 M⊙> from the CSPN and 0.1, 0.11, and 0.1 × M⊙> from the ionized inner shell, outer shell, and halo, respectively. © 2023 The Author(s).Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society | Versión del editor: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1915 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/356273 | Identificadores: | doi: 10.1093/mnras/stad1915 issn: 1365-2966 |
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