Chemical composition of lipophilic compounds from wheat straw

Abstract

The chemical composition of the lipids in wheat straw was studied in detail by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The predominant lipids identified were series of long-chain free fatty acids (25% of total extract), followed by series of free fatty alcohols (ca. 20%). High molecular weight esters were also found (11%), together with lower amounts of other aliphatic series such as n-alkanes, n-aldehydes and glycerides (mono-, di and triglycerides). Relatively high amounts of β-diketones (10%), particularly 14,16-hentriacontanedione, which is the second most abundant single compound among the lipids in wheat straw, were also identified. Finally, steroid compounds (steroid hydrocarbons, steroid ketones, free sterols, sterol esters and sterol glycosides) were also found, with sterols accounting for nearly 14% of all identified compounds.