Accumulation, transfer and remediation of Cd in soils affected by the Aznalcóllar mine spill (sw Spain): a decade of experience (1998-2008)

Abstract

Cadmium is a non-essential trace element with great potential to escape the soil-plant barrier, resulting in readily transmission through the food chain and high-risk for potential consumers. Although Cd was not a major component of the Aznalcóllar mine toxic spill (SW Spain, 1998) short- and mid-term studies have shown that residual Cd contamination in soil is a major problem for a safe and sustainable reutilization of the affected area (4500ha). We summarize a decade of experience dealing with soils contaminated with Cd in a dynamic and changing landscape “the Guadiamar Valley”, a formerly agricultural area redesigned as a nature reserve “Green Corridor” after the accident. The accumulation, availability and remediation of Cd in soil and its implications for the soil-plant-animal system are discussed within the context of a recent environmental disaster.