Orujos de dos fases almacenados en balsas

Abstract

During the harvesting period 1999-2000, real samples of two phases olive pomace were taken from storage ponds in two extraction facilities located in Southern region of Spain, every month until a maximum of five months. In addition, lots of two phases olive pomace and second-centrifuged two phases olive pomace were divided in closed recipients and, also, in opened recipients, and were stored in laboratory at 36ºC for 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 months. Samples were analysed for moisture and fat content, and solvent-extracted; the resulting oils were analysed for acidity, fatty acid composition, polar compounds and triglycerides. The results indicate that oil deterioration increases throughout the storage period, particularly those oils extracted from surface and from second-centrifuged two phases olive pomace. The surface/volume ratio in the ponds should be as low as possible. Special attention should be paid to the storage of two phases olive pomace, establishing a maximum of two months in all cases.

Durante la campaña 1999-2000 se han tomado muestras reales de orujo de balsas de almacenamiento, cada mes hasta un máximo de 5 meses, y de lotes de orujo de dos fases almacenados en el laboratorio, en recipientes cerrados y abiertos, a 36 ºC durante 0, 2, 4 y 6 meses, correspondientes a masas centrifugadas una y dos veces (repasada). Se han analizado la humedad y riqueza grasa de las muestras y la acidez, composición en ácidos grasos, compuestos polares y triglicéridos de los aceites extraídos con disolvente. Los resultados indican que no es aconsejable el almacenamiento del orujo de dos fases en balsas por un tiempo superior a dos meses ya que podría suponer un serio detrimento a la calidad del aceite obtenido, siendo mayor en aquellos de masas centrifugadas dos veces (repasadas) y, sobre todo, en las zonas superficiales, por lo que las balsas deberían tener una relación superficie/volumen lo menor posible.