Spectroscopy and efficient laser operation near 1.95 μm of Tm3+ in disordered NaLu(WO4)2

Abstract

Continuous wave and tunable laser operation at room temperature is demonstrated with single crystals of Tm-doped NaLu(WO4)2. Under Ti:sapphire laser pumping and tuning by an intracavity Lyot filter, the Tm3+ emission extended from 1799 to 2026 nm. The maximum output power exceeded 0.5 W and the maximum slope efficiency with respect to the absorbed power was above 58%. These good laser properties are related to the locally disordered tetragonal (I-4) structure of the crystalline host. Using low temperature spectroscopy and energy level simulation methods, the energy levels and spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ have been shown to be compatible with the S4 site symmetry. This allowed the reliable determination of the emission cross sections related to the laser transitions.