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Título

Ciliate diversity and distribution across horizontal and vertical scales in the open ocean

AutorCanals, Oriol CSIC ORCID ; Obiol, Aleix CSIC ORCID ; Muhović, Imer CSIC ; Vaqué, Dolors CSIC ORCID ; Massana, Ramon CSIC ORCID
Palabras claveCiliophora
Deep-sea
DNA metabarcoding
Global ocean
Plankton size-fractioning
Protist
Fecha de publicaciónago-2020
CitaciónMolecular Ecology 29(15): 2824-2839 (2020)
ResumenCiliates are globally distributed eukaryotic organisms inhabiting virtually all environments on Earth. Although ciliates range from 10 µm to a few millimetres in cell size, they are repeatedly reported in the pico‐sized fraction (<2–3 µm) of molecular surveys. Here, we used existing data sets (BioMarKs and Tara Oceans) with different size fractions to demonstrate that the ciliate pico‐sized signal, probably derived from cell breakage during filtration, is informative and reliable to study marine ciliate biodiversity and biogeography. We then used sequences from the pico‐eukaryotic fraction of two circumnavigation expeditions, Malaspina‐2010 and Tara Oceans, to give insights into the taxonomic composition and horizontal and vertical distribution of ciliates in the global ocean. The results suggested a high homogeneity of ciliate communities along the ocean surface from temperate to tropical waters, with ciliate assemblages dominated by a few abundant and widely distributed taxa. Very few taxa were found in a single oceanic region, therefore suggesting a high level of ciliate cosmopolitanism in the global ocean. In vertical profiles, ciliates were detected up to 4,000 m depth, and a clear vertical community structuring was observed. Our results provided evidence supporting ciliates as deeply integrated organisms in the deep‐sea trophic web, where they may play a relevant role as symbionts of metazoans and grazers of prokaryotes and small eukaryotes in the water column and in aggregates
Descripción16 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, supporting Information https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15528.-- The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in the open‐access repository Zenodo at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736633 (Canals, Obiol, Muhovic, Vaqué, & Massana, 2020)
Versión del editorhttps://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15528
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/218219
DOI10.1111/mec.15528
Identificadoresissn: 0962-1083
e-issn: 1365-294X
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