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Título: | High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial |
Autor: | Liu, Xiaoran; Zheng, Yan; Guasch‐Ferré, Marta; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Toledo, Estefania; Clish, Clary B.; Liang, Liming; Razquin, Cristina; Corella, Dolores; Estruch, Ramón; Fitó, Montserrat; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Arós, Fernando; Ros, Emilio; Lapetra, José; Fiol, Miquel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Papandreou, Christopher; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Hu, Frank B.; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi | Palabras clave: | Glutamine Glutamate Type-2 diabetes Mediterranean diet |
Fecha de publicación: | oct-2019 | Editor: | Elsevier | Citación: | Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases - NMCD 29(10): 1040-1049 (2019) | Resumen: | [Background and aims] Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). [Methods and results] The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43–5.41, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.36–1.12; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.31, 95% CI, 0.16–0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigated the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01). [Conclusion] Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk. |
Versión del editor: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/213654 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005 | ISSN: | 0939-4753 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | (IBIS) Artículos |
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