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Título: | Biological soil crusts of the Succulent Karoo: a review |
Autor: | Weber, Bettina; Tamm, Alexandra; Maier, Stefanie; Rodríguez-Caballero, Emilio CSIC ORCID | Palabras clave: | Biodiversity Climate change CO2 gas exchange Reactive nitrogen compounds Remote sensing |
Fecha de publicación: | 22-nov-2018 | Editor: | Taylor & Francis | Citación: | African Journal of Range & Forage Science 35 (3-4): 335-350 (2018) | Resumen: | The Succulent Karoo is characterised by a dense coverage of biological soil crusts (biocrusts) belonging to different types and successional stages. Whereas the Soebatsfontein region hosts cyanobacteria-dominated and minor amounts of lichen- and bryophyte-dominated biocrusts, the Knersvlakte comprises a rich cover of hypolithic crusts growing on the sides and undersides of quartz pebbles. Apart from dominating photosynthesizers used to classify biocrusts, each crust type hosts a rich and specific fungal and bacterial community and also diverse protists. In a remote-sensing mapping approach, soil-inhabiting biocrusts of the Soebatsfontein region covered ~27% of the surface area, whereas in the Knersvlakte soil-inhabiting biocrusts covered ~16% and hypolithic biocrusts ~42% of the region. Combining these data with biomass contents, results suggested that the Knersvlakte, despite somewhat harsher environmental conditions, harboured about 65% more biocrust biomass per surface area. In physiological measurements we observed that biocrusts emit the reactive nitrogen compounds nitric oxide and nitrous acid, showing water pulse-dependent emission patterns. In addition, CO2 gas fixation showed characteristic type-specific patterns depending on climatic conditions. Long-term microclimate measurements along a gradient revealed that forecasted climate and land-use change may be detrimental for biocrusts with potentially adverse effects on soil stability and overall fertility of the Succulent Karoo | Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2018.1527782 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/198188 | DOI: | 10.2989/10220119.2018.1527782 | ISSN: | 1022-0119 | E-ISSN: | 1727-9380 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | (EEZA) Artículos |
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Biological soil crusts of the Succulent Karoo a review.pdf | 28,27 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |
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