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Título: | Randomized comparison of liposomal amphotericin B versus placebo to prevent invasive mycoses in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
Autor: | Cornely, Oliver A.; Leguay, Thibaut; Maertens, Johan; Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.; Anagnostopoulos, Achilles; Castagnola, Carlo; Verga, Luisa; Rieger, Christina; Kondakci, Mustafa; Hëarter, Georg; Duarte, Rafael F.; Allione, Bernardino; Cordonnier, Catherine; Heussel, Claus Peter; Morrissey, C. Orla; Agrawal, Samir G.; Donnelly, J. Peter; Bresnik, Mark; Hawkins, Michael J.; Garner, Will; Gökbuget, Nicola | Fecha de publicación: | ago-2017 | Editor: | Oxford University Press | Citación: | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 72(8): 2359-2367 (2017) | Resumen: | [Objectives] To prevent invasive fungal disease (IFD) in adult patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). [Patients and methods] In a double-blind multicentre Phase 3 study, patients received prophylactic liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) at 5 mg/kg intravenously or placebo twice weekly in a 2:1 random allocation during remission-induction treatment. The primary endpoint was the development of proven or probable IFD. Secondary endpoints included those focused on the safety and tolerability of prophylactic L-AMB. [Results] Three hundred and fifty-five patients from 86 centres in Europe and South America received at least one dose of L-AMB (n = 237) or placebo (n = 118). Rates of proven and probable IFD assessed independently were 7.9% (18/228) in the L-AMB group and 11.7% (13/111) in the placebo group (P = 0.24). Rates of possible IFD were 4.8% (11/228) in the L-AMB and 5.4% (6/111) in the placebo group (P = 0.82). The remission-induction phase was a median of 22 days for both groups. Overall mortality was similar between the groups: 7.2% (17/237) for L-AMB and 6.8% (8/118) for placebo (P = 1.00). Hypokalaemia and creatinine increase were significantly more frequent with L-AMB. [Conclusions] The IFD rate among adult patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ALL was 11.7% in the placebo group, and was not significantly different in patients receiving L-AMB, suggesting that the L-AMB regimen studied is not effective as prophylaxis against IFD. The IFD rate appears higher than previously reported, warranting further investigation. Tolerability of L-AMB was what might be expected. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal antifungal strategy during remission-induction chemotherapy of ALL. |
Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx133 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/197645 | DOI: | 10.1093/jac/dkx133 | ISSN: | 0305-7453 | E-ISSN: | 1460-2091 |
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