Electrochromic sensors: innovative devices enabled by spectroelectrochemical methods

Abstract

Electrochromic sensors are electrochemical devices exploiting colour changes as a means to simplify device construction and instrumentation requirements. Despite their advantages, electrochromic sensors have begun to emerge only recently. Mainly based on the works appeared in the literature over the past 2 years, we describe the construction and operation of these devices. A simple framework is proposed to understand and classify these devices more easily. This is based on the sensor architecture, their power source, and how information is displayed. Despite their youth, electrochromic sensors are already demonstrated in a number of applications, mostly related to health and point of care devices.