In vitro study of toll-like receptors sensing BoHV-1.

Abstract

Pathogen detection is crucial in the establishment of an immune response by the host immune system. Pathogen recognition is primarily carried out by cell surface or endosomal receptors, which trigger signaling cascades that result in the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and type 1 interferon. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the key innate immune receptors. Understanding the involvement of TLRs during pathogen infection helps to provide a clearer picture on the establishment of the innate immune response to the infectious agent. this issues is particulary important in studies of animal viruses, where knowledge is much lower compared to human viruses.