Use of the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum as a sustainable source of biodiesel production

Abstract

Microalgae are microscopic heterotrophic–autotrophic photosynthesizing organisms with enormous potential as a source of biofuel. Dinoflagellates, a class of microalgae, contain large amounts of high-quality lipids, the principal component of fatty acid methyl esters. The biotic characteristics of the dinoflagellate species Karlodinium veneficum include a growth rate of 0.14 day−1, a wet biomass of 16.4 g/L, a growth period of approximately 30 days, and an approximate 97% increase in fatty acid content during the transition from exponential phase to stationary phase. These parameters make K. veneficum a suitable choice as a bioresource for biodiesel production. Similarly, two other species were also determined to be appropriate for biodiesel production: the Dinophyceae Alexandrium andersoni and the Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo