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Título

Evaluation of acute effects of four pharmaceuticals and their mixtures on the copepod Tisbe battagliai

AutorTrombini, Chiara CSIC ORCID ; Hampel, Miriam CSIC ORCID; Blasco, Julián CSIC ORCID
Palabras claveCopepods
Acute toxicity
Mixture toxicity
Pharmaceuticals
Environmental risk
Fecha de publicaciónjul-2016
EditorElsevier
CitaciónChemosphere 155: 319-328 (2016)
ResumenThe individual and combined toxicities of acetaminophen, carbamazepine, diclofenac and ibuprofen have been examined in neonate nauplii (<24 h-old) of the harpacticoid copepod Tisbe battagliai. Based on acute toxicity data (LC50) obtained, diclofenac was the most toxic compound with an LC50 value of 9.5 mg·L−1; this is between 5 and 7 times lower than the LC50 value for acetaminophen, carbamazepine and ibuprofen (67.8 mg·L−1, 59 mg·L−1 and 49.7 mg·L−1 respectively). The environmental risk posed by the selected pharmaceuticals was assessed by calculating risk quotients (RQs) based on MEC (the highest exposure concentration of the compound in the medium)/PNEC (predicted no effect concentration) ratios. Results suggest that, at environmental concentrations, none of the compounds is harmful for the aquatic environment (low or no risk). Toxicity data obtained for mixtures were compared with predictions derived from three different models: Concentration Addition (CA), Independent Action (IA) and Combination Index (CI). The classical modeling approaches CA and IA failed to predict the observed mixture toxicity, thus indicating that single compound toxicity data are not sufficient to predict toxicity of drug mixtures on Tisbe species. However, the use of the CI seems to provide better predictions of pharmaceutical toxicity.
Versión del editorhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.058
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/169207
DOI10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.058
ISSN0045-6535
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