2024-03-29T08:10:48Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2168062021-02-20T05:32:40Zcom_10261_97com_10261_4col_10261_350
The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars. II. A Statistical Characterization of Class 0 and Class I Protostellar Disks
Tobin, John J.
Sheehan, Patrick D.
Megeath, S. Thomas
Diaz Rodriguez, A.K.
Offner, Stella S.R.
Murillo, Nadia M.
van 't Hoff, Merel L. R.
van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
Osorio, Mayra
Anglada-Escudé, Guillem
Furlan, Elise
Stutz, Amelia M.
Reynolds, Nickalas
Karnath, Nicole
Fischer, William J.
Persson, Magnus
Looney, Leslie W.
Li, Zhi-Yun
Stephens, Ian
Chandler, Claire J.
Cox, Erin
Dunham, Michael M.
Tychoniec, Łukasz
Kama, Mihkel
Kratter, Kaitlin
Kounkel, Marina
Mazur, Brian
Maud, Luke
Patel, Lisa
Perez, Laura
Sadavoy, Sarah I.
Segura-Cox, Dominique
Sharma, Rajeeb
Stephenson, Brian
Watson, Dan M.
Wyrowski, Friedrich
National Science Foundation (US)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
European Commission
Leiden University
We have conducted a survey of 328 protostars in the Orion molecular clouds with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at 0.87 mm at a resolution of ∼0.″1 (40 au), including observations with the Very Large Array at 9 mm toward 148 protostars at a resolution of ∼0.″08 (32 au). This is the largest multiwavelength survey of protostars at this resolution by an order of magnitude. We use the dust continuum emission at 0.87 and 9 mm to measure the dust disk radii and masses toward the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars, characterizing the evolution of these disk properties in the protostellar phase. The mean dust disk radii for the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars are 44.9 , 37.0 , and 28.5 au, respectively, and the mean protostellar dust disk masses are 25.9 , 14.9 , 11.6 M, respectively. The decrease in dust disk masses is expected from disk evolution and accretion, but the decrease in disk radii may point to the initial conditions of star formation not leading to the systematic growth of disk radii or that radial drift is keeping the dust disk sizes small. At least 146 protostellar disks (35% of 379 detected 0.87 mm continuum sources plus 42 nondetections) have disk radii greater than 50 au in our sample. These properties are not found to vary significantly between different regions within Orion. The protostellar dust disk mass distributions are systematically larger than those of Class II disks by a factor of >4, providing evidence that the cores of giant planets may need to at least begin their formation during the protostellar phase. © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
J.J.T. acknowledges support from NSF AST-1814762 and past support from the Homer L. Dodge Endowed Chair. Z.Y.L. is supported in part by NASA 80NSSC18K1095 and NSF AST-1716259, 1815784, and 1910106. G.A., M.O., and A.K.D.-R. acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the AYA2017-84390-C2-1-R grant (cofunded by FEDER) and the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award for the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-20170709). M.L.R.H. acknowledges support from a Huygens fellowship from Leiden University. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2015.1.00041. S. ALMA is a partnership of the ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with the NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by the ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The PI acknowledges assistance from Allegro, the European ALMA Regional Center node in the Netherlands. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research made use of APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at.http://aplpy.github.com.This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for astronomy,.http://www.astropy.org.
2020-07-17T10:30:07Z
2020-07-17T10:30:07Z
2020
2020-07-17T10:30:08Z
artículo
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6f64
e-issn: 1538-4357
Astrophysical Journal 890(2): 130 (2020)
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/216806
10.3847/1538-4357/ab6f64
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001717
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2017-84390-C2-1-R
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/SEV-2017-0709
Postprint
http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6f64
Sí
open
IOP Publishing