2024-03-28T21:27:14Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2155762022-11-23T11:36:16Zcom_10261_108com_10261_8col_10261_361
Free-ranging pig and wild boar interactions in an endemic area of African swine fever
Cadenas-Fernández, Estefanía
Sánchez-Vizcaíno, J. M.
Pintore, Antonio
Denurra, Daniele
Cherchi, Marcella
Jurado, Cristina
Vicente, Joaquín
Barasona, José A.
European Commission
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Universidad de Castilla La Mancha
Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España)
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is spreading throughout Eurasia and there is no vaccine nor treatment available, so the control is based on the implementation of strict sanitary measures. These measures include depopulation of infected and in-contact animals and export restrictions, which can lead to important economic losses, making currently African swine fever (ASF) the greatest threat to the global swine industry. ASF has been endemic on the island of Sardinia since 1978, the longest persistence of anywhere in Eurasia. In Sardinia, eradication programs have failed, in large part due to the lack of farm professionalism, the high density of wild boar and the presence of non-registered domestic pigs (free-ranging pigs). In order to clarify how the virus is transmitted from domestic to wild swine, we examined the interaction between free-ranging pigs and wild boar in an ASF-endemic area of Sardinia. To this end, a field study was carried out on direct and indirect interactions, using monitoring by camera trapping in different areas and risk points. Critical time windows (CTWs) for the virus to survive in the environment (long window) and remain infectious (short window) were estimated, and based on these, the number of indirect interactions were determined. Free-ranging pigs indirectly interacted often with wild boar (long window = 6.47 interactions/day, short window = 1.31 interactions/day) and these interactions (long window) were mainly at water sources. They also directly interacted 0.37 times per day, especially between 14:00 and 21:00 h, which is much higher than for other interspecific interactions observed in Mediterranean scenarios. The highly frequent interactions at this interspecific interface may help explain the more than four-decade-long endemicity of ASF on the island. Supporting that free-ranging pigs can act as a bridge to transmit ASFV between wild boar and registered domestic pigs. This study contributes broadly to improving the knowledge on the estimation of frequencies of direct and indirect interactions between wild and free-ranging domestic swine. As well as supporting the importance of the analysis of interspecific interactions in shared infectious diseases, especially for guiding disease management. Finally, this work illustrates the power of the camera-trapping method for analyzing interspecific interfaces.
The present work has benefited from the financial support of the European project ASFORCE (FP7 - KBBE.2012) and Spanish project RTA2015-00033-C02-02 (INIA). JB was supported by postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva contracts FJCI-2015-23643 from MINECO-UCM and IJCI-2017-33539 from MINECO-UCLM. EC-F and CJ are recipients of a Spanish Government-funded PhD fellowship for the Training of Future Scholars (FPU) given by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports.
Peer reviewed
2020-06-30T09:22:22Z
2020-06-30T09:22:22Z
2019
artículo
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 6: 376 (2019)
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/215576
10.3389/fvets.2019.00376
2297-1769
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003176
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007480
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329
31737649
en
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/FJCI-2015-23643
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/IJCI-2017-33539
IJCI-2017-33539/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
Publisher's version
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00376
Sí
open
Frontiers Media