2024-03-28T14:12:30Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/987362022-12-21T11:05:07Zcom_10261_75com_10261_6col_10261_454
DIGITAL.CSIC
author
Rodríguez-Celma, Jorge
author
Álvarez-Fernández, Ana
author
Orduna, Jesús
author
Abadía Bayona, Anunciación
author
Abadía Bayona, Javier
author
López-Millán, Ana Flor
2014-06-23T06:56:43Z
2014-06-23T06:56:43Z
2008-10
XIV International Symposium on Iron Nutrition and Interactions in Plants (XIV ISINIP, Beijing, PR China, October 11-15, 2008)
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/98736
When grown in hydroponics under Fe deficiency, some Strategy I plant species develop yellow roots and cause a yellowing of the solution [1-2]. This phenomenon, first reported in the 60’s, is due to root accumulation and excretion of riboflavin and/or riboflavin derivatives such as riboflavin sulphates [3]. The function these compounds play in plant Fe efficiency is still not known, although roles in facilitating electron flow to the root Fe reductase and as antimicrobial agents in the rhizosphere have been hypothesized [4]. Any of these mechanisms may contribute to increase plant Fe efficiency. The aim of this work was to study flavin compounds present in roots of Fe-deficient Medicago truncatula. Plants were grown in Fe-sufficient nutrient solution (45 µM Fe) and in two Fe-deficient (0 µM Fe) nutrient solutions, either with CaCO3 (pH 8.0) or without CaCO3 (pH 5.5). Roots from Fe-sufficient plants were white and roots from Fe-deficient plants were yellow. Root morphology in the two Fe-deficient treatments was different, with swollen yellow tips at pH 8.0, and swollen tips (only some of them yellow) and yellow patches along their length at pH 5.5. A yellow colour was observed only in the Fe-deficient nutrient solution without CaCO3. Flavin compounds in the nutrient solution were concentrated in C18 Sep-Pack cartridges and eluted in methanol, and those in roots were extracted by grinding them with 100 mM ammonium acetate, pH 6.1. Flavin derivatives in root extracts and nutrient solution concentrates were separated by high performance liquid chromatography, and identification was carried out by ultraviolet-visible photodiode array spectrophotometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, using time of flight (TOF) and quadrupole time of flight (QTOF) instruments. Root flavin accumulation and excretion depended on the plant Fe status and the presence of CaCO3 in the nutrient solution.
In root extracts from Fe-sufficient plants only riboflavin was detected, whereas in roots of plants grown in both Fe deficiency treatments riboflavin and three different riboflavin derivatives were detected. Two of these derivatives were identified as 7α-hydroxyriboflavin and (E)-5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-((3R,4S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentylamino)phenylimino)pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione, the latter compound originated from the partial rupture of the riboflavin's isoalloxazine ring. In nutrient solutions, riboflavin and derivatives were detected only in Fe deficiency treatments, and the concentrations were much higher in nutrient solutions without CaCO3 than in those with CaCO3. As a conclusion, Fe-deficient M. truncatula roots accumulated and excreted riboflavin and three riboflavin derivatives different from those previously reported in plants. Further investigation is under way to identify the third flavin compound found.
eng
openAccess
Root excretion and accumulation of riboflavin derivatives in iron-deficient Medicago truncatula
presentación
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