Efectos de la agricultura +B1:B25en humedales salinos de interior y complejos lacustres / Agriculture effects on inland saline water bodies and on lake/laguna hydrological complexes
Nombre/Name
Efectos de la agricultura +B1:B25en humedales salinos de interior y complejos lacustres / Agriculture effects on inland saline water bodies and on lake/laguna hydrological complexes
Referencia de proyecto/Project Code
PCI2018-092999
Investigador principal/Principal Investigator
Investigadores/Researchers
Investigadores externos/External Researchers
Rodríguez-Ochoa, Rafael
Cravo-Laureau, Cristiana
Cagnon, Christine
Mahmoudi, Ezzeddine
Ben Said, Olfa
Saidi, Ibtihel
Khazri, Abdelhafidh
Mourad, Bensouilah
Laid, Ouakid Mohamed
Waffa, Habbachi
Sameh, Abbaci
Guellati, Fatma
Belhaoues, Saber
Hassen, Touati
El Ghachtouli, Naïma
Saad, Ibnsouda Koraichi
Raïs, Naoual
Cravo-Laureau, Cristiana
Cagnon, Christine
Mahmoudi, Ezzeddine
Ben Said, Olfa
Saidi, Ibtihel
Khazri, Abdelhafidh
Mourad, Bensouilah
Laid, Ouakid Mohamed
Waffa, Habbachi
Sameh, Abbaci
Guellati, Fatma
Belhaoues, Saber
Hassen, Touati
El Ghachtouli, Naïma
Saad, Ibnsouda Koraichi
Raïs, Naoual
Fecha de inicio/Start Year
04/06/2008
Fecha de finalización/End Year
04/06/2021
Grupo de Investigación/Research Group
Instituto/Institute
CSIC - Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD)
Descripción/Description
[ES] La agricultura en zonas áridas y semiáridas implica el manejo de la escasez de agua y la salinidad - salinización. Los lagos salinos son una característica común del paisaje en las regiones áridas / semiáridas. Las administraciones públicas han cumplido con las leyes internacionales que protegen los humedales y, por lo tanto, muchos humedales salinos están incluidos en la lista internacional RAMSAR y protegidos por las Directivas europeas de aves y hábitats. AQUASALT se centra en dos emplazamientos mediterráneos contrastados, en el Valle del Ebro (España) y en el complejo hidrológico Lago Ichkeul / Laguna Bizerta (Túnez). La principal fuente de contaminación en los humedales es la contribución de flujos de agua superficial y subterránea del regadío y secano a los humedales. Las actividades agrícolas involucran el uso extensivo de agroquímicos, estiércol y fertilizantes para mejorar el rendimiento del cultivo. Como resultado, los flujos de retorno introducen nutrientes, agroquímicos, antibióticos y otras sustancias químicas en las aguas y suelos de humedales, lo que amenaza la conservación de los hábitats protegidos. Además, en las regiones áridas y semiáridas, el regadío con aguas de baja calidad puede afectar el destino de los contaminantes orgánicos aumentando el riesgo de contaminación del agua. Sin embargo, el conocimiento de las características químicas, físicas y biológicas de la mayoría de los humedales salinos es escaso. Por lo tanto, es crucial aumentar nuestro conocimiento sobre la transferencia de sustancias químicas a los cuerpos de agua y mejorar nuestro conocimiento sobre el efecto de las actividades agrícolas en el ecosistema. Las comunidades microbianas representan un papel crucial en el funcionamiento del ecosistema, particularmente en la descomposición de la materia orgánica, el ciclo de nutrientes y la eliminación de contaminantes como los pesticidas. Es de suma importancia obtener nuevos conocimientos sobre i) el efecto de las actividades agrícolas en la organización de las comunidades microbianas que viven en dichos ecosistemas, y ii) en las capacidades metabólicas microbianas para mitigar el efecto de los contaminantes. Este conocimiento permitirá el desarrollo de bioindicadores que informen sobre la calidad de los humedales. Para alcanzar los objetivos, AQUASALT propone un enfoque integrado multidisciplinar para seguir las características físico-químicas y microbiológicas de las aguas de los humedales. El proyecto se centra en la elaboración e interpretación de datos recopilados en el campo. Los principales objetivos son caracterizar el impacto de las actividades agrícolas en las comunidades microbianas y determinar un conjunto de indicadores para evaluar el estado de dichos ambientes salinos / áridos.
[EN] Agriculture in arid and semiarid areas involves the management of water scarcity and salinity – salinization. Saline lakes are a common feature of the landscape in arid/semi-arid regions. Public administrations have met international laws protecting wetlands, and therefore many saline wetlands are included in the international RAMSAR list, and protected under European Directives of Birds and Habitats. AQUASALT focus in two contrasted Mediterranean sites, at the Ebro Valley (Spain) and at the Ichkeul Lake/Bizerta Lagoon hydrological complex (Tunisia). The main source of pollution in wetlands is the contribution of water flows from irrigated or dry farmed upland areas, mainly by surface and subsurface runoff, to the low lying wetlands. The agricultural activities involve the extensive use of agrochemicals, spreading manure and fertilizers to improve crops yield. As a result, return flows from fertilized crops introduce nutrients, agrochemicals, antibiotics and other chemicals to waters, threatening the conservation of protected habitats. Additionally, in arid and semiarid regions, the irrigation of agricultural soils with low-quality waters is a common practice, which may affect the fate of organic pollutants increasing the risk of water contamination. However, the knowledge of the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of most saline wetlands is poor. It is thus crucial to increase our understanding on the chemical transfer into the water bodies and improve our knowledge on the effect of agricultural activities on the ecosystem. Microbial communities play a crucial role in the ecosystem functioning, particularly in the decomposition of the organic matter, the cycling of nutrients and the removal of pollutants such as pesticides. It is of paramount importance to gain new insight on i) the effect of agricultural activities on the organization of the microbial communities living in such ecosystems, and ii) on the microbial metabolic capacities to mitigate the effect of pollutants. Such knowledge will allow the development of bio-indicators reporting on the wetland quality. In order to reach the objectives, AQUASALT proposes a multidisciplinary integrated approach to follow wetland waters physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics. The project focus on the elaboration and interpretation of data collected in the field. The main objectives are to characterize the impact of agricultural activities on microbial communities and determine a set of indicators for assessing the environmental health in such saline/arid environments.
[EN] Agriculture in arid and semiarid areas involves the management of water scarcity and salinity – salinization. Saline lakes are a common feature of the landscape in arid/semi-arid regions. Public administrations have met international laws protecting wetlands, and therefore many saline wetlands are included in the international RAMSAR list, and protected under European Directives of Birds and Habitats. AQUASALT focus in two contrasted Mediterranean sites, at the Ebro Valley (Spain) and at the Ichkeul Lake/Bizerta Lagoon hydrological complex (Tunisia). The main source of pollution in wetlands is the contribution of water flows from irrigated or dry farmed upland areas, mainly by surface and subsurface runoff, to the low lying wetlands. The agricultural activities involve the extensive use of agrochemicals, spreading manure and fertilizers to improve crops yield. As a result, return flows from fertilized crops introduce nutrients, agrochemicals, antibiotics and other chemicals to waters, threatening the conservation of protected habitats. Additionally, in arid and semiarid regions, the irrigation of agricultural soils with low-quality waters is a common practice, which may affect the fate of organic pollutants increasing the risk of water contamination. However, the knowledge of the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of most saline wetlands is poor. It is thus crucial to increase our understanding on the chemical transfer into the water bodies and improve our knowledge on the effect of agricultural activities on the ecosystem. Microbial communities play a crucial role in the ecosystem functioning, particularly in the decomposition of the organic matter, the cycling of nutrients and the removal of pollutants such as pesticides. It is of paramount importance to gain new insight on i) the effect of agricultural activities on the organization of the microbial communities living in such ecosystems, and ii) on the microbial metabolic capacities to mitigate the effect of pollutants. Such knowledge will allow the development of bio-indicators reporting on the wetland quality. In order to reach the objectives, AQUASALT proposes a multidisciplinary integrated approach to follow wetland waters physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics. The project focus on the elaboration and interpretation of data collected in the field. The main objectives are to characterize the impact of agricultural activities on microbial communities and determine a set of indicators for assessing the environmental health in such saline/arid environments.
Fuente de Financiación/Funding
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Fecha de actualización/Last update
oct. 2020