Influencia del portainjerto en determinadas características ampelográficas y de producción en los cv. Albariño y Caíño Tinto (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract

[EN] The present viticulture is characterised by the use of rootstocks. It is not possible to generalise the effects that a rootstock practises neither in the same cultivar under different wine-growing environments, nor in different cultivars. On the other hand, for a determined cultivar, the rootstock can cause changes in some agronomic or ampelographic traits, but not in all of them. In this work, we compare the effects of rootstocks '110-Richter' and 'SO4' over some determined ampelographic parameters (proposed parameters by the OIV 1983, to describe varieties, and proposed parameters by Martinez and Grenan, 1999, for the reconstruction of the average leaf) and the production (kg grape/plant, number of bunches by vine shoot, weight, length and width of the bunch, length of the stem, weight, length and width of the berries, number of seeds per berry, length of the pedicel, weight of seeds and length of seeds, kg of pruning wood) in two of the main important varieties regarding to economy in the North-West of Spain and also cultivated in the North of Portugal: 'Albarino' and 'Caino Tinto'. The behaviour of both rootstocks was different according to the cultivar. As long as for 'Albarino' the rootstock did not influence in the parameters of production, in 'Caino Tinto', it was proved that there was some significant difference for some of these parameters (kg grape/plant, pruning wood/plant) according to the rootstock, although only with a probability of 95 %. As we expected, many significant differences were observed for many of these parameters on the basis of climatologic conditions of any year. Taking the ampelographic parameters into account, significant differences among the rootstocks were not observed in any of the studied cultivars. Variation in leaves size was observed depending on the climatologic conditions of any year, but they were not observed either in their morphology, or in the rest of studied ampelographic parameters.

[ES] Se comparan los efectos de los portainjertos 110 de Richter y SO4 sobre determinados parámetros ampelográficos y de producción, en dos de los cultivares (Albariño y Caíño Tinto). Los resultados mostraron que el tipo de portainjerto no influye en las características ampelográficas de los cultivares Albariño y Caiño Tinto. Sin embargo, el tipo de portainjerto empleado puede influir en algunas de las variables de producción de estos cultivares. El comportamiento de los dos portainjertos resultó ser diferente según el cultivar del que se tratase.