Design and analysis of fuel cell hybrid systems oriented to automotive applications

Abstract

Hybridization with high specific energy storage devices like supercapacitors has important advantages in fuel cell-based systems. This paper presents an approach for the design and analysis of Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems (FCHS) oriented to automotive applications. FCHS is considered the most attractive long-term option for propulsion of passenger cars. The design stage includes the determination of the electrical topology and the determination of the hybridization degree according to drivability conditions. With the selected design, the optimal hydrogen consumption for different driving cycles and the energy flows in the hybrid vehicle are analysed. The entire study is performed with a detailed model of the FCHS in ADVISOR: the determination of the hybridization degree according to drivability requirements, the analysis of the energy flows, and the computation of the optimal hydrogen consumption. The results show that hybridization allows a significant improvement in the hydrogen economy through the recovered energy from breaking. At the same time, the results suggest a conflict between a design according to drivability conditions and a design for the highest efficiency. The conclusion is that hybridization with supercapacitors in fuel cell-based vehicles is a meaningful procedure to enhances the performance.