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dc.contributor.authorDavidson, C.M.-
dc.contributor.authorUrquhart, G.J.-
dc.contributor.authorAjmone-Marsan, F.-
dc.contributor.authorBiasioli, M.-
dc.contributor.authorDuarte, A. D.-
dc.contributor.authorDíaz Barrientos, Encarnación-
dc.contributor.authorGrčman, Helena-
dc.contributor.authorHossack, L.-
dc.contributor.authorHursthouse, A.S.-
dc.contributor.authorMadrid, Luis-
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Sónia M.-
dc.contributor.authorZurpan, M.-
dc.date.accessioned2010-03-19T10:22:56Z-
dc.date.available2010-03-19T10:22:56Z-
dc.date.issued2006-02-23-
dc.identifier.citationAnalytica Chimica Acta 565: 63–72, (2006)en_US
dc.identifier.issn0003-2670-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/22535-
dc.description.abstractThe revised (four-step) BCR sequential extraction procedure has been applied to fractionate the chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc contents in urban soil samples from public-access areas in five European cities. A preliminary inter-laboratory comparison was conducted and showed that data obtained by different laboratories participating in the study were sufficiently harmonious for comparisons to be made between cities and land types (e.g. parks, roadside, riverbanks, etc.). Analyte recoveries by sequential extraction, with respect to direct aqua regia digestion, were generally acceptable (100±15%). Iron, nickel and, at most sites, chromium were found mainly in association with the residual phase of the soil matrix. Copper was present in the reducible, oxidisable and residual fractions, whilst zinc was found in all four sequential extracts. Manganese was strongly associated with reducible material as, in some cities, was lead. This is of concern because high lead concentrations were present in some soils (>500 mg kg−1) and the potential exists for remobilisation under reducing conditions. As would be expected, extractable metal contents were generally highest in older, more heavily industrialised cities. Copper, lead and zinc showed marked (and often correlated) variations in concentrations between sites within the same city whereas manganese and, especially, iron, did not. No overall relationships were, however, found between analyte concentrations and land use, nor between analyte partitioning and land use.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe URBSOIL project was supported by the EU FP5, Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development Program, under contract EVK4-CT-2001-00053.en_US
dc.format.extent22195 bytes-
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf-
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsclosedAccessen_US
dc.subjectPotentially toxic elementsen_US
dc.subjectPotentially toxic metalsen_US
dc.subjectUrban soilen_US
dc.subjectSequential extractionen_US
dc.titleFractionation of potentially toxic elements in urban soils from five european cities by means of a harmonised sequential extraction procedureen_US
dc.typeartículoen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aca.2006.02.014-
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer revieweden_US
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TF4-4JBB30K-8/2/be8678c629d3ced878c735fe6104d8f6en_US
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Commission-
dc.identifier.funderhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780es_ES
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501es_ES
item.openairetypeartículo-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.grantfulltextnone-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.fulltextNo Fulltext-
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