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Título: | Changes in the CO2 dynamics in near-surface cavities under a future warming scenario: Factors and evidence from the field and experimental findings |
Autor: | Pla, Concepción; Cuezva, Soledad CSIC ORCID; García Antón, Elena CSIC; Fernández Cortés, Ángel CSIC ORCID; Cañaveras, Juan Carlos CSIC ORCID; Sánchez-Moral, Sergio CSIC ORCID ; Benavente, David | Palabras clave: | CO2 future estimations Underground cave Soil CO2 source CO2 sink CO2 redistribution |
Fecha de publicación: | 15-sep-2016 | Editor: | Elsevier | Citación: | Science of the Total Environment 565: 1151-1164 (2016) | Resumen: | This study is based on field monitoring of a cave-soil-atmosphere system validated with laboratory experiments. CO and Rn dynamics in the cavity are dependent on climatic parameters, mainly on the differences between the outdoor and indoor temperature. The annual cycles in the cave are characterized by two outstanding phenomena: cave gas recharge and ventilation when the cave acts as a gas sink or source. A permanent relationship with soil above the cave exists. The soil temperature and moisture are responsible for CO production on various time scales. Soil CO at the Rull site reaches values higher than 3000Â ppm in April–May, but falls to nearly 1000Â ppm during the summer. Maximum CO values in the cave are reached in the warmest months and are in accordance with soil CO values. The maximum CO concentration in the cave is 3470Â ppm on average, while the minimum is 623Â ppm. To describe the field findings, CO production and diffusion experiments related to the soil behaviour were developed. The results show that the soil CO production increases as the soil temperature and moisture increase according to a calculated logarithmic equation until the soil water content exceeds the saturation value. The soil-produced CO reaches the Rull cave by diffusion, which in Rull soil is reduced to approximately 60% when the soil water content increased from 0 to 30%. We estimated that 57Â kg of CO was emitted from the cave to the atmosphere in an annual cycle, considering a cave volume of 9915Â m. Finally, projections of the future climate at the study site confirm a general tendency for annual-mean conditions to be warmer and drier, which will directly affect the soil CO production. In this situation, the Rull cave will experience changes in the stored and subsequently exchanged annual amount of CO. | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/156954 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.160 | Identificadores: | doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.160 issn: 1879-1026 |
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