Biosensors for environmental applications: Future development trends

Abstract

Biosensors can be excellent analytical tools for monitoring programs working to implement legislation. In this article, biosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring are extensively reviewed. Examples of biosensors for the most important families of environmental pollutants, including some commercial devices, are presented. Finally, future trends in biosensor development are discussed. In this context, bioelectronics, nanotechnology, miniaturization, and especially biotechnology seem to be growing areas that will have a marked influence on the development of new biosensing strategies in the next future.