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Título: | Molecular and functional characterization of a novel chromoplast-specific lycopene β-cyclase from Citrus and its relation to lycopene accumulation |
Autor: | Alquézar García, Berta CSIC ORCID; Zacarías, Lorenzo CSIC ORCID ; Rodrigo, María Jesús CSIC ORCID | Palabras clave: | Carotenoids Citrus fruit Gene expression Grapefruit Lycopene Lycopene b-cyclase Orange fruit |
Fecha de publicación: | 26-mar-2009 | Editor: | Oxford University Press | Citación: | Journal of Experimental Botany 60(6): 1783-1797 (2009) | Resumen: | Carotenoids are the main pigments responsible of the colouration of Citrus fruits. The β-cyclization of lycopene, catalysed by the lycopene β-cyclases (β-LCY), seems to be a key regulatory step of the carotenoid pathway. In the present study, two β-LCYs from orange fruits (Citrus sinensis), named Csβ-LCY1 and Csβ-LCY2 have been isolated and the activity of the encoded proteins was demonstrated by functional analysis. Csβ-LCY1 was expressed at low levels and remained relatively constant during fruit ripening while Csβ-LCY2 showed a chromoplast-specific expression and a marked induction in both peel and pulp of orange fruits in parallel with the accumulation of β,β-xanthophylls. The potential involvement of Csβ-LCY2 in the accumulation of lycopene, characteristic of some Citrus species such as red grapefruits, was investigated. Expression of Csβ-LCY2 and another seven carotenoid biosynthetic genes were studied in the peel and pulp of the high lycopene-accumulating grapefruit, Star Ruby, and compared with those of ordinary Navel orange. In Star Ruby, the accumulation of lycopene during fruit maturation was associated with a substantial reduction in the expression of both β-LCY2 and β-CHX genes with respect to Navel orange. Moreover, two different alleles of β-LCY2: β-LCY2a and β-LCY2b were isolated from both genotypes, and functional assays demonstrated that the lycopene β-cyclase activity of the allele b was almost null. Interestingly, Star Ruby grapefruit predominantly expressed the unfunctional β-LCY2b allele during fruit ripening whereas Navel oranges preferably expressed the functional allele. It is suggested that the presence of diverse alleles of the β-LCY2 gene, encoding enzymes with altered activity, with different transcript accumulation may be an additional regulatory mechanism of carotenoid synthesis involved in the accumulation of lycopene in red grapefruits. | Descripción: | 15 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables.-- PMID: 19325166 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Apr 2009. Full-text version available Open Access at the publisher's site via "Versión de editor/Publisher version" link. |
Versión del editor: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp048 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/12512 | DOI: | 10.1093/jxb/erp048 | ISSN: | 0022-0957 |
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