Hydrogen Transfer between Sulfuric Acid and Hydroxyl Radical in the Gas Phase: Competition among Hydrogen Atom Transfer, Proton-Coupled Electron-Transfer, and Double Proton Transfer

Abstract

In an attempt to assess the potential role of the hydroxyl radical in the atmospheric degradation of sulfuric acid, the hydrogen transfer between H2SO4 and HO• in the gas phase has been investigated by means of DFT and quantum-mechanical electronic-structure calculations, as well as classical transition state theory computations. The first step of the H2SO4 + HO• reaction is the barrierless formation of a prereactive hydrogen-bonded complex (Cr1) lying 8.1 kcal mol-1 below the sum of the (298 K) enthalpies of the reactants. After forming Cr1, a single hydrogen transfer from H2SO4 to HO• and a degenerate double hydrogen-exchange between H2SO4 and HO• may occur. The single hydrogen transfer, yielding HSO4• and H2O, can take place through three different transition structures, the two lowest energy ones (TS1 and TS2) corresponding to a proton-coupled electron-transfer mechanism, whereas the higher energy one (TS3) is associated with a hydrogen atom transfer mechanism. The double hydrogen-exchange, affording products identical to reactants, takes place through a transition structure (TS4) involving a double proton-transfer mechanism and is predicted to be the dominant pathway. A rate constant of 1.50 × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K is obtained for the overall reaction H2SO4 + HO•. The single hydrogen transfer through TS1, TS2, and TS3 contributes to the overall rate constant at 298 K with a 43.4%. It is concluded that the single hydrogen transfer from H2SO4 to HO• yielding HSO4• and H2O might well be a significant sink for gaseous sulfuric acid in the atmosphere.