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Título

Increasing and decreasing trends of the atmospheric deposition of organochlorine compounds in European remote areas during the last decade

AutorArellano, Lourdes CSIC; Fernández, P. CSIC; Fonts, Roger; Rose, N. L.; Nickus, Ulrike; Thies, Hansjörg; Stuchlík, Evzen; Camarero, Lluís ; Catalán, Jordi CSIC ORCID; Grimalt, Joan O. CSIC ORCID
Fecha de publicación2015
EditorEuropean Geosciences Union
Citaciónatmospheric chemistry and physics discussions 15 : 3415-3453 (2015)
ResumenBulk atmospheric deposition samples were collected between 2004 and 2007 at four high altitude European sites encompassing east (Skalnaté pleso), west (Lochnagar), central (Gossenköllesee) and south (Redòn) regions, and analysed for legacy and current-use organochlorine compounds (OCs). Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) generally showed the highest deposition fluxes in the four sites, between 112 and 488 ngm−2 mo−1 , and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) the lowest, a few ngm−2 mo−1 . Among pesticides, endosulfans were found at higher deposition fluxes (11–177 ngm−2 mo−1 ) than hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) (17–66 ngm−2 mo−1 ) in all sites except Lochnagar that was characterized by very low fluxes of this insecticide. Comparison of the present measurements with previous determinations in Redòn (1997–1998 and 2001–2002) and Gossenköllesee (1996–1998) provided for the first time an assessment of the long-term temporal trends in OC atmospheric deposition in the European background areas. PCBs showed increasing deposition trends while HCB deposition fluxes remained nearly constant. Reemission of PCBs from soils or as consequence of glacier melting and subsequent precipitation and trapping of the volatilized compounds may explain the observed PCB trends. This process does not occur for HCB due to its high volatility which keeps most of this pollutant in the gas phase. A significant decline of pesticide deposition was observed during this studied decade (1996–2006) which is consistent with the restriction in the use of these compounds in most of the European countries. In any case, degassing of HCHs or endosulfans from ice melting to the atmosphere should be limited because of the low Henry’s law constants of these compounds that will retain them dissolved in the melted water. Investigation of the relationship between air mass trajectories arriving at each site and OC deposition fluxes showed no correlation for PCBs, which is consistent with diffuse pollution from unspecific sources as the predominant origin of these compounds in these remote sites. In contrast, significant correlations between current-use pesticides 3417 CPD 15, 3415–3453, 2015 Temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of organochlorine compounds L. Arellano et al. Title Page Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures J I J I Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | and air masses flowing from the south were observed in Gossenköllesee, Lochnagar and Redòn. In the case of Redòn, the higher proportion of air masses from the south occurred in parallel to higher temperatures, which did not allow to discriminating between these two determinant factors of pesticide deposition. However, in Gossenkölle- 5 see and Lochnagar, the relationship between pesticide concentration and southern air masses was univocal reflecting the impact of regions with intensive agricultural activities.
Descripción38 páginas, 4 figuras, 7 tablas
Versión del editorhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-3415-2015
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/112500
DOI10.5194/acpd-15-3415-2015
ISSN1680-7367 1680-7375
E-ISSN1680-7375
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