2024-03-29T13:42:43Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1920382019-10-03T01:11:11Zcom_10261_33com_10261_5col_10261_916
Annex Troubleshooting
Ramos, Lourdes
Sanz Perucha, Jesús
The chapter provides some typical examples of chromatograms and contour plots where some of the most common problems of GCxGC can visually be identified. These problems are explained and the most plausible practical solutions are described. The high speed and the special requirements of the 2D separation, the GCxGC transfer process becomes particularly delicate or prone to problems during method development. Peak shape and eventually GCxGC resolution are affected by both categories of parameters. The types of troubleshooting observed in GCxGC are chromatographic peak distortion and analyte degradation, programmed temperature separations, wraparound, and modulation process. Low programming temperature rates of the 1D column can result in widening of the chromatographic peak, which in addition can show a typical asymmetry (tailing peak) derived from extra column effects and from active points in the column. In GCxGC, slow temperatures ramps should be preferred when working with oven programmed temperature because the application of fast oven temperature ramps can adversely affect the possible 2D structure and peak shape visualization in the contour plot as well as the separation itself. Wraparound occurs when the retention time of a compound in the 2D column exceeds the modulation period. It can be identified in the 2D profile by the elution of the affected compound during the subsequent modulation cycle(s). The enhanced separation power provided by GCxGC can partially be lost if the resolution achieved in the first dimension is not preserved during modulation and separation in the second dimension.
2019-10-02T09:24:50Z
2019-10-02T09:24:50Z
2009
capítulo de libro
Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry: 283-298 (2009)
978-0-444-53237-4
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/192038
10.1016/S0166-526X(09)05512-3
eng
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-526X(09)05512-3
Sí
closedAccess
Elsevier