2024-03-28T15:54:28Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2301562021-02-23T05:03:05Zcom_10261_90com_10261_4col_10261_343
DIGITAL.CSIC
author
Faraji, Mohammad Mahdi
author
Shouraki, Saeed Bagher
author
Iranmehr, Ensieh
author
Linares-Barranco, Alejandro
2021-02-19T10:40:24Z
2021-02-19T10:40:24Z
2020
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 20: 2234- 2246 (2020)
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/230156
10.1109/JSEN.2019.2950447
Sound source localization has always been one of the most challenging subjects in different fields of engineering, one of the most important of which being tracking of flying objects. This article focuses on sound source localization using fuzzy fusion and a beamforming method. It proposes a new fuzzy-based algorithm for localizing a sound source using distributed sensor nodes. Eight low-cost sensor nodes have been constructed in this study each of which consists of a microphone array to capture sound waves. Each node is able to record audio signals synchronously on an SD card to evaluate different algorithms offline. However, the sensor nodes are designed to be able to estimate the location of the sound source in real-time. In the proposed algorithm, every node estimates the direction of the sound source. Moreover, a calibration algorithm is used for extracting the orientation of sensor nodes to calibrate the estimated directions. The calibrated directions are fuzzified and then used for localizing the sound source by fuzzy fusion. An experiment was designed based on localizing a flying quadcopter as a moving sound source to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The flying trajectory was then estimated and compared with the target trajectory extracted from the GPS module mounted on the quadcopter. Comparing the estimated sound source with the target location, a mean distance error of ${6.03}{m}$ was achieved in a wide-range outdoor environment with the size of ${240}\times {160}\times {80} \,\,{m}^{{3}}$. The achieved mean distance error is reasonable regarding the mean precision of the GPS module. The practical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in localizing a sound source in a wide-range outdoor environment.
openAccess
Sound Source Localization in Wide-Range Outdoor Environment Using Distributed Sensor Network
artÃculo
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
URL
https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/230156/1/FINAL%20VERSION.pdf
File
MD5
1138d770e9be9f322a0152eac3163df1
1243162
application/pdf
FINAL VERSION.pdf