2024-03-29T08:29:08Zhttp://digital.csic.es/dspace-oai/requestoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1404272016-11-19T01:53:16Zcom_10261_62com_10261_6col_10261_188
DIGITAL.CSIC
author
Miralles, Isabel
author
Domingo, Francisco
author
Cantón, Yolanda
author
Trasar-Cepeda, Carmen
author
Leirós, M. Carmen
author
Gil-Sotres, Fernando
2016-11-18T11:45:25Z
2016-11-18T11:45:25Z
2012
Soil Biology & Biochemistry 53: 124-132 (2012).
0038-0717
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/140427
In arid and semi-arid regions, pioneer organisms form complex communities that penetrate the upper millimetres of the bare substrate, creating biological soil crusts (BSC). These thin crusts play a vital role in whole ecosystem functioning because they enrich bare surfaces with organic matter, initiate biogeochemical cycling of elements, modify hydrological cycles, etc., thus enabling the ground to be colonized by vascular plants. Various hydrolase enzymes involved in the carbon (cellulase, ß-glucosidase and invertase activities), nitrogen (casein-protease and BAA- protease activities) and phosphorus (alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity) cycles were studied at three levels (crust, middle and deep layers) of three types of BSCs from the Tabernas Desert (SE Spain), representing an ecological gradient ranging from crusts predominated by cyanobacteria to crusts predominated by lichens (Diploschistes diacapsis, Lepraria crassissima). All enzyme activities were higher in all layers of all BSCs than in the bare substrate. The enzymes that hydrolyze low molecular weight substrates were more active than those that hydrolyze high molecular weight substrates (cellulase, casein-protease), highlighting the pioneering characteristics of the BSCs. The hydrolytic capacity developed in parallel to that of ecological succession, and the BSCs in which enzyme activity was highest were those under Lepraria crassissima. The enzyme activity per unit of total organic C was extremely high; the highest values occurred in the BSCs formed by cyanobacteria and the lowest in those formed by lichens, which
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indicates the fundamental role that the primary colonizers (cyanobacteria) play in enriching the geological substrate with enzymes that enable degradation of organic remains and the establishment of more developed BSCs. The results of the study combine information on different enzyme activities and provide a clear vision of how biogeochemical cycles are established in BSCs, thus confirming the usefulness of enzyme assays as key tools for examining the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function in biological soil crusts.
eng
openAccess
Hydrolytic enzymes
Biochemical activity
Cyanobacteria
Lichens
Hydrolase enzyme activities in a successional gradient of biological soil crusts in arid and semi-arid zones.
artículo
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URL
https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/140427/1/Miralles%20et%20al%202012b%20Digital%20CSIC.pdf
File
MD5
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application/pdf
Miralles et al 2012b Digital CSIC.pdf